The Italian parliament has unanimously approved a new law criminalizing femicide the murder of a woman motivated by her gender. The law introduces life imprisonment for offenders and officially recognizes femicide as a separate crime.
The legislation was passed on the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women and comes after a series of high-profile murders, including that of Giulia Cecchettin, 22, who was killed by her ex-boyfriend in 2023. Her tragic death and the public activism of her sister, Elena, sparked nationwide calls for action against gender-based violence.
The law, introduced by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, defines femicide as the murder of a woman due to hatred, discrimination, domination, or control, or as a consequence of relationship disputes or restrictions on her freedom. Italy will now record such murders separately and impose automatic life sentences, aiming to serve as a deterrent.
Judge Paola di Nicola, who helped draft the law, emphasized that labeling such crimes as rooted in “jealousy” or “excessive love” distorts the true cause, which she identifies as power and gender hierarchy. Italy joins Cyprus, Malta, and Croatia as the only EU countries with a legal definition of femicide.
While the law has been widely welcomed, some experts warn that proving gender motivation in murders could be challenging. Critics also argue that broader measures addressing gender inequality are needed alongside the legislation. Italy currently ranks 85th in the Global Gender Gap Index, reflecting persistent challenges in employment and equality for women.
Giulia’s father, Gino Cecchettin, has dedicated himself to educating young Italians on respect and gender equality, arguing that prevention through education is as critical as legal enforcement. Meanwhile, organizations like Action Aid Italy emphasize that preventing violence requires tackling systemic inequality, not just punishing perpetrators.
The unanimous vote, accompanied by symbolic gestures such as wearing red ribbons, signals Italy’s political commitment to addressing gender-based violence, though advocates stress ongoing cultural and educational efforts remain essential.