NCDC reports 3,623 cholera cases, 103 deaths in 34 states

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC), has reported, on June 16 2024, that there were 3,623 potential cholera cases and 103 fatalities in 34 states and the Federal Capital territory (FCT) as at Monday this week.

The Director General of NCDC, Dr. Jide Idris, disclosed this information at a news conference in Abuja.

The purpose of the news conference was to present current developments of the cholera epidemic situation in Nigeria.

They discussed the prevention and response efforts at both national and sub-national levels at the event.

Idris stated that the epidemic was detected in 187 local government areas across the 34 states.

This resulted in a total mortality rate of 2.8% since the year started.

In his statement, Idris said:

“As of July 15, 2024, we have recorded 3,623 suspected cases and, unfortunately, 103 deaths across 34 states plus the Federal Capital Territory and 187 Local Government Areas…

“With a cumulative case fatality rate of 2.8% since the beginning of the year. 

“The predominant age affected is 5 years old while males account for 52% of cases and females account for the rest.

“Furthermore, there was a 5.6% decline in the number of cases in this reporting week (8th -14th July) as compared to the preceding week. 

“We also recorded a drop in the case fatality rate from 2.9% to 2.8%.

“Definitely, there is a decline in case fatality rate from week 24 when the spike started to the present week. 

“Whereas ongoing current efforts at the national and some state levels might have been yielding some results and are largely responsible for the decline being reported…

“However, given the trend from previous years, we know it is not Uhuru yet”, he added.

NCDC ‘s role in curbing cholera

Cholera is a bacterial infection caused by Vibrio cholerae.

It typically results in severe diarrhea and dehydration if untreated, and can be fatal in severe cases.

It experiences periodic outbreaks affecting various regions, including Nigeria.

According to the NCDC, recent reports indicate a concerning rise in cholera cases across multiple states.

As of the latest update, NCDC has documented thousands of cases, underscoring the urgent need for heightened awareness and response measures to curb its spread.

NCDC continues to monitor and manage outbreaks, emphasizing on comprehensive cholera control strategies, which include:

Clean water access, sanitation improvements, and timely medical intervention to mitigate the impact of cholera on affected communities.

NCDC ‘s approach to cholera outbreak management strategy

NCDC has been actively managing the current outbreak of cholera through several strategic approaches.

However, these approaches are classified under two distinct groups: preventive measures and public engagement, and operational response and clinical management.

Preventative measures and public engagement

Surveillance and Monitoring: NCDC employs a robust surveillance system to track and monitor cholera cases across Nigeria.

Additionally, this includes timely reporting and analysis of data to detect outbreaks early and implement targeted interventions.

Public awareness and education: The organization conducts public awareness campaigns to educate communities about cholera prevention and control measures.

This involves encouraging hygiene practices such as washing hands with soap and water and handling food safely.

It also includes promoting the use of clean water sources.

Capacity building: It collaborates with healthcare workers and local health authorities.

This collaboration enhances their capacity in diagnosing, treating, and reporting cholera cases promptly.

Training programs and workshops are also conducted to strengthen local response capabilities.

Operational response and clinical management

Response Coordination: It coordinates response efforts at national and state levels.

The entity works closely with relevant government agencies, international partners, and non-governmental organizations.

This ensures a unified and effective response to cholera outbreaks.

Clinical management: NCDC provides guidelines and protocols for the clinical management of cholera cases.

It emphasizes early diagnosis, re-hydration therapy, and the use of appropriate antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions: The institution advocates for and supports WASH interventions.

This includes improving access to clean drinking water and sanitation facilities in affected communities.

It is crucial in preventing the transmission of cholera through contaminated water and food.

Vaccination campaigns: During outbreaks or in high-risk areas, NCDC organizes cholera vaccination campaigns.

These campaigns aim to safeguard vulnerable populations and halt the disease’s further spread.

Looking forward, the organisation continues to refine and adapt its strategies based on ongoing epidemiological data and lessons learned from past outbreaks.

This proactive approach aims to mitigate the impact of cholera outbreaks and strengthen Nigeria’s overall public health response capabilities.

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