Contraceptive implants: Hidden side effects women aren’t told

DDM News

As more women across Nigeria adopt contraceptive implants for long-term birth control, medical experts are raising awareness about the potential side effects associated with this popular method.

The contraceptive implant is a small, flexible plastic rod about the size of a matchstick, inserted under the skin of a woman’s upper arm by a trained healthcare professional.

It releases a steady dose of a synthetic hormone called etonogestrel, a form of progestogen, into the bloodstream.

This hormone works primarily by preventing the release of an egg from the ovaries (ovulation), thickening cervical mucus to make it difficult for sperm to enter the uterus, and thinning the endometrial lining to prevent implantation.

Diaspora Digital Media (DDM) reports that while the implant is considered one of the most effective forms of reversible contraception with a success rate of over 99%, it is not without its drawbacks.

Doctors and reproductive health specialists warn that like all hormonal contraceptives, implants can cause side effects that vary in severity from woman to woman.

One of the most commonly reported side effects is a disruption in the menstrual cycle.

Some women may experience irregular or prolonged bleeding, while others may stop menstruating altogether, a condition known as amenorrhea.

Though not dangerous, such changes can be distressing without proper counselling.

Other commonly reported side effects include weight gain, headaches, acne, mood swings, nausea, dizziness, and breast tenderness.

In some cases, women may also report a decreased libido or increased vaginal dryness, which could affect sexual comfort and satisfaction.

At the insertion site, minor complications like bruising, swelling, or infection can occur if the procedure is not done under sterile conditions.

Rarely, the implant may migrate from its original location, requiring medical intervention to locate and remove it.

The good news, however, is that the implant can be removed at any time, allowing the woman’s fertility to return to normal quickly, often within days or weeks.

Its reversibility and low maintenance have made it a preferred choice for many women, particularly those who may not want the daily commitment of pills or the periodic intervention of injections.

The growing adoption of contraceptive implants in Nigeria is part of a broader shift toward modern family planning methods, especially in underserved communities.

Health campaigns led by government and non-governmental organizations have increased awareness and access to contraceptives, offering services at public health centres and outreach clinics.

Despite its benefits, gynaecologists continue to emphasize the need for individualized consultations before choosing a contraceptive method.

They recommend thorough medical history assessments, discussions about reproductive goals, and regular follow-up visits to monitor the implant’s effectiveness and manage any side effects.

Women are urged to seek prompt medical attention if they notice unusual symptoms, such as persistent abdominal pain, signs of infection, or severe mood changes.

Ultimately, informed use of contraceptive implants empowers women to take control of their reproductive health while minimizing risks to their overall well-being.

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