WHO worried as diabetes cases surge in Africa

The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for immediate action to combat the rising diabetes epidemic across Africa, warning that the continent faces devastating health and economic consequences if the trend continues unchecked.

Currently, more than 24 million adults in Africa are living with diabetes, with half unaware of their condition.

The prevalence is projected to double to 54 million by 2045, the highest growth rate globally. WHO attributes this alarming rise to rapid urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, and poor dietary habits.

The region’s traditionally low investment has hampered Africa’s response to diabetes in chronic disease management.

With only 1% of Africa’s health expenditure allocated to diabetes care, the continent lags in addressing the growing burden.

This underinvestment risks overwhelming health systems and causing catastrophic financial strain on individuals.

WHO Regional Director for Africa, Matshidiso Moeti, highlighted the continent’s historical focus on combating infectious diseases, leaving health systems ill-prepared to handle chronic conditions of the illness.

These require ongoing care, medication, and lifestyle changes that Africa’s healthcare infrastructure struggles to provide.

To tackle the crisis, Moeti urged governments and development partners to implement innovative, community-driven solutions.

Speaking on the theme of this year’s World Diabetes Day, “Breaking Barriers, Bridging Gaps,” she underscored the need for health system reforms.

“In August 2024, the WHO Regional Committee for Africa endorsed the Framework for the Implementation of the Global Diabetes Compact (GDC),” Moeti said. “This framework provides a roadmap for strengthening early diagnosis, improving access to essential medicines, and integrating diabetes care into primary health systems across Africa.”

She called for a united effort involving individuals, communities, and governments to address diabetes prevention and care comprehensively.

Understanding Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic medical condition characterized by high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood.

It occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels.

Diabetes can be caused by genetics, obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, age, family history, and ethnicity.

Certain groups are more prone to developing the sickness.

Symptoms of the sickness include increased thirst and urination, fatigue, blurred vision, slow healing of cuts and wounds, tingling or numbness in hands and feet, and recurring skin infections.

If left untreated or poorly managed, it can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, nerve damage, blindness, and foot damage.

Management and treatment of diabetes involve medications, insulin therapy, lifestyle changes, and monitoring blood sugar levels.

Lifestyle changes include maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, eating a balanced diet, avoiding sugary drinks and refined carbohydrates, and managing stress.

Early detection and proper management can help control the disease and prevent complications.

Maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, eating a balanced diet, and avoiding sugary drinks and refined carbohydrates can also help prevent diabetes.

Diabetes is classified into different types, including Type 1, Type 2, gestational, LADA, MODY, and secondary.

Each type has distinct characteristics and requirements for management.

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