Analysis

Upholding Democratic Principles: The Backbone of Nigeria’s Political Integrity
By: Hon IG Amaechi Okoro And Abubaka Idris Gobir

Published

1 month ago

December 2, 2024

DDM

As custodians of our democracy, it is imperative that we constantly remind ourselves of the values and frameworks that guide our political landscape. A vibrant and functional democracy thrives on the foundation of political parties, their adherence to the rule of law, and the unwavering commitment of citizens to democratic principles.

Our Constitution, the supreme law of the land, provides a robust framework for political participation and ensures that political parties operate with transparency, equity, and accountability. Sections 221 to 229 of the Nigerian Constitution underscore the critical roles of political parties and the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in safeguarding our democracy.

Political associations are not mere assemblages; they are the lifeblood of democracy. However, the Constitution is explicit: only duly registered political parties may canvass for votes or fund election expenses. This ensures a level playing field and prevents undue influence from unauthorized groups. Every political association must meet stringent requirements to function as a political party, including open membership, federal character representation, and registration with INEC.

These measures are not bureaucratic hurdles; they are safeguards to ensure inclusivity and prevent regional, ethnic, or religious bias in our political system. The headquarters of every political party must reside in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, symbolizing a unified Nigeria.

Democracy is not only about elections; it is also about processes. Political parties must hold periodic elections for their executive committees, ensuring that leadership reflects Nigeria’s diverse federal character. This fosters trust, inclusivity, and unity within the political system.

Moreover, every political party’s constitution must align with Chapter II of the Nigerian Constitution, which emphasizes national integration, social justice, and economic equality. By doing so, political parties become not just vehicles for power but also instruments for societal transformation.

In the spirit of accountability, the Constitution mandates political parties to disclose their assets and liabilities. INEC plays a pivotal role in this regard by examining financial records and ensuring compliance. Political parties are expressly prohibited from holding or receiving funds from foreign sources. This provision is crucial to preserving the integrity of our political system and shielding it from external manipulation.

Political parties must submit annual financial statements to INEC, detailing their sources of income and expenditures. These measures are vital for building trust among citizens and ensuring that politics remains a service-oriented endeavor, not a profit-driven enterprise.

No association, political or otherwise, is permitted to organize or train groups for the use of physical force to advance political objectives. Such acts are not only undemocratic but also a threat to national security. Our democracy must be free from violence, intimidation, and coercion.

To ensure adherence to these constitutional provisions, the National Assembly is empowered to enact laws that sanction violations. Such laws may include penalties for individuals or parties found guilty of financial mismanagement, violence, or any act that undermines democratic principles.

Fellow compatriots, the strength of our democracy lies in our collective adherence to these principles. Political parties must rise above sectional interests and serve as vehicles for national development. Citizens, on their part, must remain vigilant, ensuring that parties and leaders operate within the boundaries of the law.

Let us advocate for transparency, accountability, and inclusivity in our political processes. Let us hold political actors accountable while actively participating in elections and governance. Together, we can build a Nigeria where democracy is not just a system of government but a way of life.